The study of bidirectionality between insomnia and mental disorders, specifically between insomnia and depression and anxiety have shown that insomnia is associated with a major risk of disruption, being insomnia a prodromal predictor ( 17, 18). Some studies even suggest that untreated chronic insomnia may be one of the risk factors for developing major depression ( 15, 16). It is almost always associated with daytime fatigue and mood swings, including irritability, dysphoria, tension, helplessness, and depressive moods ( 14). The impact of insomnia goes beyond the disorder itself and directly affects people's health ( 12) and quality of life ( 13). The primary insomnia needs the absence of a cause-effect relationship between insomnia and most of the other conditions ( 10). Insomnia, considering ICD-10 criteria, is defined by difficulties with sleep initiation or maintenance, early awakening, non-restorative sleep repercussions on wakefulness, such as concern, tiredness, decreased function. In a consensual opinion made at the National Institutes of Health ( 11) conference they agreed insomnia should be considered as a primary disease rather than secondary. Insomnia is, on many occasions, treated as a symptom of others mental disorders ( 9), however, some evidence suggest that insomnia may precede these mental disorders ( 10). ![]() ![]() also states that the diagnostic symptoms of insomnia show a prevalence of 78.2% ( 6). ( 8), who found the prevalence at 28.9 and 23.2%. This figure is similar to that observed by Hou et al. ( 6), 73.4% of psychiatric patients have this sleep disorder, where patients with schizophrenia show a prevalence of 23.8%. The most common sleep disorder in the population with a mental disorder is insomnia ( 5). ( 4) also place sleep problems in more than 70% of the population with a mental disorder. ( 3) describe that disturbed sleep is present in between 30 and 80% of the population with schizophrenia, although they do not specify the type of sleep disorder. Sleep disorders have high prevalence rates in the population with mental disorders. This phenomenon occupies one third of human life ( 2). The need for sleep is biological and appears regularly in cycles in order to ensure that the body rests and regenerates the energy spent. Sleep is an temporary unconscious physiological state in which bodily functions and mental activities undergo changes that are of great importance for mental and physical balance ( 1). It is important that health professionals intervene preventively to stop the disorder from becoming chronic. Psychoeducation and advice on sleep hygiene are highly valued tools as preventive strategies.Ĭonclusions: To know the experience of users gives us a more comprehensive understanding of insomnia complexities and brings some new intervention strategies in patients with mental disorders. The desired health response must include interventions that are effective, such as cognitive-behavioural therapy, and powerful, such as pharmacological solutions. Some of the everyday actions they perform encourage the chronicity of insomnia. Participants describe ruminations and obsessive thoughts as a key factor hindering falling asleep. Results: The patients' narratives show differences in the intensity and experience of insomnia depending on the severity, as well as its impact on their quality of life. The analysis was based on a hermeneutic analysis of the patients' narratives regarding their experiences of insomnia. These 3 clusters have been defined by using two-step cluster analysis based on the results of the ISI (Insomnia Severity Index) and EQ-5D scales (EuroQol-5D) and the presence of certain diagnostic symptoms in a sample of 170 patients. Methods: The study takes a qualitative approach and uses semi-structured interviews to conduct a descriptive and interpretive analysis of 3 clinically different clusters of patients. The aim of the present study is to explore the clinical symptoms and consequences of insomnia in patients diagnosed with schizophrenic disorder and the perceptions of these patients regarding the care they receive. Its repercussions go beyond the disorder itself and affect many areas of life. ![]() 4Service of Psychiatry and Psychology, HM-Sant Jordi Clinic, Barcelona, Spainīackground: Insomnia is a health problem that particularly affects people with schizophrenia.3Chair for Social Inclusion, Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona, Spain.2Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona, Spain.1Nou Barris Mental Health Center, Barcelona, Spain.David Batalla-Martín 1 Maria-Antonia Martorell-Poveda 2 * Angel Belzunegui-Eraso 3 Eva Miralles Garijo 1 Ana Del-Cuerpo Serratosa 1 JuanCarlos Valdearcos Pérez 1 Miquel Montané Escobar 1 Marina Lopez-Ruiz 4
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